Corrosion and heat resisting apparatus



Sem. M, H923.

P. A. E. ARMSTRONG CORRQsIoN AND HEAT RESISTING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 5,

I N V EN TOR BY D. f T'JORAEY n v/lilll//llzlll Patented Sept. 11, 1923.

PERCY A. RMSTRONG, or LoUDoNvILLE, NEW YORK.

OORROSION AND HEAT RESISTING APPARATUS.

Application tiled January 5, 1922.

To all whom. t may concern:

Be it known that I, PERCY A. E. ARM- Y STRONG, a subject of the King ofGreat ritaiu, and a resident of Loudonville, county of Albany, and Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCorrosion and Heat Resisting Apparatus, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to apparat-us such as receptacles or conductingpassages which are intended to be resistant to the destructive action ofheat or acid or other corrosive agents.

Broadly stated it is the object of .the present invention `to provide animproved form of construction for suoli receptacles or conductingpassages, whereby al relatively small amount of one material is used incombination withY a greater amount of a different material, one of thematerials being employed to impart special characteristics, such as willenable the structure to withstand the action of heat or corrosiveagents,

while the other material is employed to im-v part strength to thestructure.

Among the many uses for apparatus constructed in accordance with thisinvention, there may be mentioned by way ofillustration, so-called leadbaths used in heat treating steel.

As is well known, it is desirable to control orlimt the temperature towhich steel is heated, and this can be done with accuracy by means of aso-called lead bath. Furnaces for such treatment are provided with areceptacle for holding the bath liquid, which is heated in any suitablemanner, to the highest temperature to which the steel should be heated.`Usually after preliminary heating in an ordinary furnace, the steel isimmersed in the liquid bath, being kept there long enou h to attain thetemperature of the bath, an( then removed for cooling. The bath usuallyconsists of lead, although other materials, such as metallic salts. maybe employed.

An object of the present invention is to provide g1. receptacle with atwo-part laminated wall structure, one wall layer being preferably ofsheetmetal adapted to give the necessary strength. freedom from leaksand the like, and the other preferably cast layer being adapted towithstand heat, e'ect of acids and other corrosive agents serial No.527,226.

and the like. -Uther objects will appear as the description of theinvention progresses.

Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view ofa lead bath apparatus embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a verticalcross-sectional view of a modied form of apparatus; Fig. 3 is a verticalcross-sectional view of a different form of apparatus; and Fi .4 and 5are longitudinal sections of urther modifications of the invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, one embodiment of my invention comprises areceptacle, shown rectangular in vertical section and open at the top,having its sides and bottom formed of a laminated material. The innerlayer or liner 12 is of sheet metal, such as of mild steel, and ma beformed in two or more pieces, the di erent parts thereof being fastenedtogether in any suitable manner, as, for example, by beino welded at thescams indicated by the reference characters 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17. Thepreferred way of' forming the pot of Fig. l is by supporting the liner12 in a suitable lnold and casting the material of which the layer 1()is fornied, around it. The layer 10 of Fig. 1 iscast around the liner12, and is thus brought into close contact with the layer 12 throughoutthe structure. When the liner 12 is made of mild steel, for example,having a melting point higher than that of the cast meta1,aweld can beformed between the two layers, but welding is not essential in all casesso long as the two layers are brought into intimate contact throughout.One good heat resistant material for the outer layer is silcrome,containing carbon about .40%, chromium about 9%, silicon about 3.5% andthe principal part of the remainder iron. The receptacle is providedwith outwardly extending peripheral lianges l1, whereby 1t may bereadily supported in position for use.

Thus ay liquid tight container is provided, the, li uid contents beingin contact only with t le liner 12, which may be relatively thincompared with the layer 10. lVhen used as a lead pot, for example, anypossibility of vburning out is eliminated by the use of the heatresist-ant cast metal on the exterior, and the sheet metal liner 12 willnot crack or become porous as may happen when an all cast pot is. used.In the modified form of the inventionv shown in Fig. 2l there isprovided a receptacle of circular cross-section, open at the top, formedof a similar laminated material. The round bottomed liner 22 of sheetmetal is provided and a layer of heat resistant metal is cast around itas previously described. In this or any equivalent way, the liner 22 issecured in intimate contact with the interior surface of the outer layer20 throughout.` The receptacle may be made in. a single piece, as bystamping out of a piece of flat' sheet metal. The receptacle isprovidedwith outwardly extending peripheral' anges 21, whereby it may bereadily supported in convenient posit-ion for use.

Thus a liquid tight container is provided, the liquid contents being incontact only with the liner 22, which may be relatively thin comparedwith the heatV resistant layer 20, as 'previously described. Burningthrough the walls of the receptacle is effectually prevented by the heatresisting qualities of the layer 20.

In the modified form of the invention shown in Fig. 3, there is provideda receptacle of circular cross-section, open at the top, having itssides andv bottom formed of a laminated material. One layer 32 is formedof sheet metal and there is cast in intimate contact with the linersurface thereof a layer of non-corrosive material 30, For

- supporting the receptacle there is provided outwardly extendingperipheral anges 31. The structure of Fig 3 may Jbe efliciently employedfor containing acids and the like,

the characteristics of the layer 30 being such as to lwithstandcorrosive effects of such agents, and the outside layer 30 will notcrack or lbecome porous during use.

In the modified form shown in Fig. 4,

there is provided a tube formed of laminated material. The laminationsvfcomprise two layers 40 and 42 in intimate contact with one another. Asshown in Fig. 4, the layer 40 is positioned on the interior of thelayer42. The layer 42 is formed of a tough material, such as drawn metal,and.

is adapted to impart strength and rigidity to the structure. The layer40 may be cast within the layer 42 in any suitable manner, and its outersurface is iny intimate contact with the inner surface of the layer 42throughout. The extremities of the tube may be provided with suitableflanges 41, whereby connections may be established with associatedequipment. The cast metal layer .40 is preferably made of non-corrosivematerial, and thus the tube may be employed as a conducting passa-ge foracids and the like without material damage to the structure.

\ In the modified embodiment shown in Fig. 5, a layer may be cast aroundthe exterior of a layer 52, if desired, and may be formed of a heatresisting material. The

that purpose.

layer 52 is formed of atough material, such as wrought iron. The wroughtiron pipe' may be supported in amold, and the layerv 50 cast around theoutside.` lThus the tube may be employed as a"conducting passageforliquids which are to be heated, the tube being exposed to lire orflame. When thus used the heat resisting casting on the exterior willeffectuallyY/prevent burning out of the structure and the drawn metalliner will not crack or become porous, as may happen with prior formsofconstruction. AA particularly strong tube is thus provided, which isgas and liquid tight, and which may be handled with freedom frombreakage. The tubes may be connected together in various ways, as, forexample,'by being bolted together, the bolts passing through openings inthe flanges 51.

The two layers may be unlike in regard to their non-corrosivecharacteristics,y or their heat resisting characteristics, or in regardto their ductility. For example, the layers 10, 20, 30 and 40 may be ofa non-corrosive or heat resisting alloy material, the other layer beingcast or lsheet iron or steel, or the layers 10, 20, 30 and-40 may be ofdrawn alloy material, such asfnichrome, for example, while therespective supporting layer may be of cast nichrome.

It will be seen that I have provided a receptacle which may be readilyand e/conomically constructed, employing the component materialseliiciently, well adapted to the purplose forl which it is intended. The

improved receptacle is particularly adapted for use where the conditionson the inside of the pot or tube differ from those on the outside. L Y`pressly understood that the scope of the invention is not to be limitedthereby, reference being had to the appended claims for I claim: y

1. Heat or corrosion resisting apparatus comprising a laminatedstructure having one layer of non-corrosive material and another layerof cast metal cast into the form of the apparatus.

2. Corrosion resisting apparatus comprising a laminated structure havingone layer of non-)corrosive material and another layer of.cast metalsecured thereto in intimatev contact and cast into the form of theapparatus.

. y 3. Corrosion resisting apparatus comprising a laminated structurehaving an inner layer of non-corrosive sheet material and an outer layerof heat resisting material cast in its final form into intimate contactwith the inner layer.

.'4. A lead bath comprising a laminated structure having one layer ofnon-corrosive material and another layer of cast metal-se cured theretoin intimate contact.

5. A lead bath comprising a laminated structure having one cast layer ofnon-corrosive material and another layer of sheet metal.

6. The process of forming lead baths.I which consistsof supporting in amold a liner of tough. reenforcing material, having the form of the leadbath casting a layer of molten metal having a melting point relativelyless than the melting point of the reenforcing material, in Contact withthe reenforcing material to ormta weld therewith.

7. The process of forming lead baths, which consists of vsupporting in amold a liner of tough reenforcing material, having the form of the bath,and casting a layer of molten metal-in intimate contact therewith.

8. The process of forming lead baths, which consists of supporting in amold a liner of one material, having the form of the lead bath, andcasting a layer of relatively different material in intimate contactwith a surface of the liner.

9. The process of forming lead baths,4

which consists of supporting a sheet metal liner, having the form of thebath in a mold,

, and casting a layer of molten metal having comprising a laminatedstructure yformed of 35 layers of unlike materials, having relativelydifferent melting points, in which the layers are welded together at thejoint, onev layer being of drawn material of the form ofthe apparatusandthe other layer cast.

l1. Apparatus comprising a laminated structure, having one layer ofsheet metal in theform ofthe apparatus and another 'layer of cast metalhaving a melting point rela; tively lower than the melting point of thesheet metal, and cast in intimate contact therewith to form a weld.

12. A lead bath comprising a laminated struc-ture having one layer ofsheet metal of the form of the lead bath and another layer of cast metalhaving a lower melting point than the sheet metal, and cast in intimate'contact therewith to form a weld.

In testimony whereof, I have signed by i name hereto.

PERCY A. E. MSTRONG.

